圣诞老人：女性的神圣
由卡罗尔·洛佩兹策划
Since the establishment of the Spanish viceroyalties, 州法院, 宗教, and daily living were dominated by the Catholic faith. In the process of conversion after the conquest, the Catholic Church produced religious artworks including venerations to Christ, 圣母玛利亚, 圣徒, 和天使. Colonists were subject to devotions, and women were specifically encouraged to devote and emulate their lives after the example set by 圣母玛利亚 and female 圣人.
Catholics in Viceregal Latin America had many ways to demonstrate their devotions to holy figures, such as setting aside pesos for capital funds to support the Church in honor of their patron saint. These Santas included: The Virgin of Guadalupe, 我们的悲伤圣母, 无原罪受孕, 补救之母, St. 克莱尔,圣. 特蕾莎,圣. 抹大拉的马利亚. 维罗妮卡、圣. 丽塔、圣. 利马的玫瑰和圣. Ignacia.
Sacred rituals in colonial Latin America were infused with spirituality and ancient American and Catholic devotions. New Spain and Peru developed visual iconographies that embodied the interactions of European and indigenous traditions. It gave a way for the people to express themselves, 通过对象, 图片, 还有神圣的仪式.
瓜达卢佩圣母
瓜达卢佩圣母 is a cultural and religious symbol of 墨西哥, 标志着优雅, 完美, 美德, 还有meztisaje（混合）. This small wooden retablo (altar) displays the Guadalupe adorned with cacti and painted flourishes in the popular vernacular style.
好战的女圣诞老人
The Militant Santa once belonged to an abandoned Catholic Church near Porto Alegre, Brazil and was used for public veneration and ritual. This figurine embodies 16th century Baroque naturalism made evident by the flowing drapery and Contrapposto (asymmetrical/s-shaped) stance. A silver crown was later added by the donor.
孤独的处女
La Virgin de Soledad (孤独的处女) was a Spanish devotion and the patroness of the bereaved, 安慰, 死得痛快, and fight against loneliness. Her devotion spread to colonial Latin America, including present-day Oaxaca, 墨西哥, as shown in this Baroque styled sculpture by artist Antonio Garcia.
处女与米拉格罗斯
This Baroque wooden carving of the triangular Virgin is decorated with metal Milagros (miracles), which are small metal charms depicting healed body parts, 动物, and various symbols of the faith. Devotees often decorated religious 图片 with Milagros to indicate answered prayers and healing, as depicted by artist Lupita Hecht.
交叉
交叉es were and are crucial elements for both public and private altars, often accompanying statues of the Virgin, 圣人, 和天使. This crucifix is covered with Milagros (miracles) of various symbols such as eyes, 心, 和羊, as acts of commemorative devotion and adornment.
